Tender Specification

Tender Specification

	Registration of suppliers for the supply of various items of stationary, Photostat Paper, other misc. items and also printing of stationary items in the Ministry of Power.
	Tender for disposal of old and obsolete computers hardwares & peripherals(Dec-2010).
	Hiring of Auto-Rickshaw (TSR) on monthly package basis in the Ministry of Power-reg.
	Sealed quotations are invited for hiring Auto-rickshaw(TSR) on monthly package basis for the official use in the Ministry of Power.
	Disposal of old and condemned car for scrap purposes regarding.
	Quotation for the purchase of 40 inch wide LCD TV.
	Quotation for award of contract for providing labourers to work as peons for a period of 1 year extendable as per requirement.
	Installation of latest model Digitel Telephone exchange in the Ministry of Power.
	Quotation for 'Annual Maintenance Contract' for General Pest Control, Rodent and Termite control in MOP at Shram shakti Bhawan & Nirman Bhawan.
	Comprehensive Annual Maintenance Contract for FAX machines installed in the Ministry.
	Annual Maintenance contract for comprehensive maintenance of Computer hardware/software and other peripherals.
	Quotation for supply of toner/cartridge for Photocopier & Fax Machine .
	Hiring of Taxis in the Ministry of Power-reg.
	Quotation for outsourcing services for photocopying/spiral binding work( Heavy Duty Photocopier machine,operator,supply of toner and paper).
	Annual Maintenance contract for comprehensive maintenance (Including spare parts) of various telephone systems installed in the Ministry.
	Invitation of quotations for the Installation of vending machine for supply of tea & coffee in the Ministry.

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Energy Conservation

Energy Conservation

The strategy developed to make power available to all by 2012 includes promotion of energy efficiency and its conservation in the country, which is found to be the least cost option to augment the gap between demand and supply. Nearly 25,000 MW of capacity creation through energy efficiency in the electricity sector alone has been estimated in India. Energy conservation potential for the economy as a whole has been assessed as 23% with maximum potential in industrial and agricultural sectors.

Energy Conservation Day function

ENERGY CONSERVATION ACT

Energy Conservation Act, 2001 (HTML) (PDF)

Considering the vast potential of energy savings and benefits of energy efficiency, the Government of India enacted the Energy Conservation Act, 2001 (52 of 2001). The Act provides for the legal framework, institutional arrangement and a regulatory mechanism at the Central and State level to embark upon energy efficiency drive in the country.
Indian Industry Programme for Energy Conservation (IIPEC) Under IIPEC the Task Groups for Textile, Cement, Pulp & Paper, Fertilizer, Chlor-Alkali, and Aluminium have been formed and the first meetings of these groups have taken place at Chhindhwada (M.P.), Beawar (Rajasthan), Ballarpur (Maharashtra), Mumbai (Maharashtra) and Hirakud (Orissa) respectively. Each Task Force is being headed by stakeholders and BEE is actively involved in organising the programmes. The Members from the industry participate in this project for sharing Best Practices, declaring their voluntary targets and benchmarking, etc. The voluntary targets undertaken by the Members from Cement and Pulp & Paper sector will alone result in saving of Rs.175 crores and Rs.51 crores respectively by 2005-06.
SHORT TERM MEASURES
1.Energy Conservation

• Bureau of Energy Efficiency operationalized Complete pilot phase of programme for energy efficiency in government buildings and prepare action plan for wider dissemination and implementation.

2. Energy audit of government buildings

• Energy Audit completed for nine govt. buildings.
• Legal Performance contract agreement, payment security mechanism, bids selection and evaluation criteria provided to all building owners for implementation.
• Five Building owners have floated tenders.
• Monitoring and verification of energy savings from March 2005.

3. Capacity building amongst departments to take up energy efficiency programmes

• BEE to train core group members to implement energy efficiency in buildings.

LONG TERM MEASURES
Potential of 23,700 MW assessed by end of XIth Plan
The Thrust Areas :
1. Industry specific Task Forces.
2. Notifying more industries as designated consumers.
3. Conduct of energy audit amongst notified designated consumers.
4. Recording and publication of best practises (sectorwise).
5. Development of energy consumption norms.
6. Monitoring of compliance with mandated provision by designated consumers.
STANDARDS AND LABELLING PROGRAMME
Standards and labelling (S&L) programme has been identified as one of the key activities for energy efficiency improvements. The S&L program when in place would ensure that only energy efficient equipment and appliance would be made available to the consumers. Initially the equipment to be covered under S&L program are household refrigerators, air-conditioners, water heater, electric motors, agriculture pump sets, electric lamps &fixtures, industrial fans & blowers and air-compressors. Preliminary discussions have already taken place with manufacturers of refrigerators, air conditioners, agricultural pump sets, motors, etc., regarding procedure to fix labels and setting standards for minimum energy consumption.
DEMAND SIDE MANAGEMENT
The Demand Side Management and increased electricity end use efficiency can together mitigate power shortages to a certain extent and drastically reduce capital needs for power capacity expansion. The Bureau will be assisting 5 electric utilities to set up DSM Cell and will also assist in capacity building of DSM Cell staff. The preparation of investment grade feasibility reports on agricultural DSM, municipal water pumping and domestic lighting in each of the 5 states will also be undertaken by the Bureau under DSM programme.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BUILDINGS AND ESTABLISHMENTS
Energy audit studies conducted in several office buildings, hotels and hospitals indicate energy saving potential of 20-30%. The potential is largely untapped, partly due to lack of an effective delivery mechanism for energy efficiency. Government buildings by themselves, constitute a very large target market. The Government of India is committed to set an example by implementing the provisions of the EC Act in all its establishments as a first initiative. To begin with, the Bureau has begun conduct of energy audit in the Rashtrapathi Bhawan, Parliament House, South Block, North Block, Shram Shakti Bhawan, AIIMS, Safdarjung Hospital, Delhi Airport, Sanchar Bhawan, and RailBhawan. Energy audit in the Rashtrapati Bhawan PMO, S S Bhawan, Sanchar Bhawan & Rail Bhawan has been completed
ENERGY CONSERVATION BUILDING CODES
The new buildings are required to be designed and built with energy efficiency consideration right from the initial stages itself. The development of energy conservation building codes is necessary for this purpose. The codes would be applicable to commercial buildings constructed after the relevant rules are notified under the Energy Conservation Act. The Bureau would constitute Committee of Experts for preparation of Energy Conservation Building Codes for different climatic zones.
PROFESSIONAL CERTIFICATION AND ACCREDITATION
Designated Consumer. Under the EC Act, 2001 is required to appoint or designate energy manager with prescribed qualifications and also to get energy audit done from accredited energy auditor. It has been decided that prescribed qualification for energy manager will be the passing of certification examination to be arranged by the Bureau. Also, regular accreditation is proposed to be given to energy audit firms having a pool of certified energy auditors. The syllabus and other preparatory activities for conducting the examination have been finalized and the first National Level Certification Examination is scheduled to be conducted in August 2003.
MANUAL AND CODES
In order to standardize the energy performance test procedures and adopt uniform codes while performing energy audit in the designated consumer premises, the Bureau has undertaken this activity. Initially twenty energy intensive equipments have been identified for development of performance test codes which will be developed and reviewed by experts, validated by field tests and pilot tested by training energy manager and energy auditors in these codes.
SCHOOL EDUCATION PROGRAMME
Considering the need to make next generation more aware regarding efficient use of energy resources, it is necessary to introduce children during their school education. In this regard, a Steering Group comprising members from NCERT, CBSE, School Principals and Teachers has been constituted, which is assisting in preparing a detailed project covering review of the existing curriculum, training of teachers and sensitisation of school principals, undertaking practice oriented programme and launching of awareness campaign.
DELIVERY MECHANISMS FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY SERVICES
Although the benefits of energy efficiency are well known and recognised, investments in energy efficiency have not taken place due to variety of barriers faced by energy users, such as risk averseness and lack of motivation for making energy efficiency investments, and low credibility of energy auditors and their services, lack of confidence in the ability of energy efficiency equipment to deliver energy savings as expected, etc. An innovative way of overcoming such barriers is the approach of using performance contracting through energy service companies (ESCOs). The Bureau would be conducting investment grade audits in industries, which are proposed to be implemented on the performance contract basis by ESCOs.
INDO-GERMAN ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROJECT(PHASE-II)
The Phase-I of the Indo-German Energy EfficiencyProject has been successfully completed by theerstwhile Bureau of Energy Efficiency(BEE) in June 2000.Activities in the Phase-II of the Project have alreadybegun and the project would be supporting thethrust areas of the Bureau as mentioned above.
ENERGY CONSERVATION AWARD 2002
To give national recognition through awards to industrial units for the efforts undertaken by them to reduce energy consumption in their respective units, the Ministry of Power launched the National Energy Conservation Awards in 1991. BEE provides technical and administrative support for the Awards Scheme. In the Awards Scheme 2002,for Large and Medium Scale Industry, applications were invited from 17 Industrial Sub-Sectors i.e., automobile, aluminium, cement, chemicals, ceramics, chlor-alkali, edible oil/vanaspati, fertilizers, glass, integrated steel, mini-steel, paper& pulp, petrochemicals, refractories, refineries, sugar and textile plants. The automobile sector has been included for the first time in the Awards. 2002. The response from the industries to the year 2002 scheme has been encouraging. In total, one hundred seventy four (174) industrial units belonging to the above sub-sectors responded, which is a record for the Award Scheme since its inception.
The award scheme has motivated the participating units to undertake serious efforts in saving energy and environment. The data pertaining to 174industrial units indicated that in 2001-2002, these units have been able to save collectively 641million kwh of electrical energy which is equivalent to the energy generated from a 122MW thermal power station at a PLF of 60%.Besides the above electrical energy savings, the participating units have also saved 1.7 lakh kilolitres of furnace oil, 7.4 lakh metric tonnes of coal and 3588 lakh cubic meters of gas per year.In the monetary terms these units have been able to save Rs.594 crores per year and the investment of Rs.691 crores was recovered in 14 months time period. This year, the Awards were given by the Hon.ble Vice President of India.
SUPPLY SIDE ENERGY CONSERVATION
A number of Pilot Projects/Demonstration Projects have been taken up for load management and energy conservation through reduction of T & D losses in the System. The schemes under implementation during the year 2002-2003 include:-

• Two pilot projects for energy audit study, one in the distribution network of West Bengal State Electricity Board (WBSEB) sanctioned in 1994-95 with the Ministry of Power's contribution of Rs.181.03 lakhs and the other in the distribution network of Kerala State Electricity Board (KSEB) sanctioned in the 1994-95 with the Ministry of Power's contribution ofRs.114.62 lakhs, have been completed successfully by WBSEB and KSEB through REC, during the current financial year 2002 . 2003.
  
• A pilot project for installation of 2414 LTS witched Capacitors was sanctioned in 1993-94 with the Ministry of Power’s contribution of Rs.199.32 lakhs. The installation of 2370LT Switched Capacitors (with minor reduced scope of work) has been completed in 2002-2003 in Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab and Tamil Nadu, through Rural Electrification Corporation (REC).
  
• A pilot project of installation of 3000Amorphous Core Transformers in the distribution network of various State Electricity Boards, sanctioned in the 1993-94 with the Ministry of Power’s of contribution ofRs.300.00 lakhs through REC has been completed successfully in 2002-2003 with some minor reduced scope of work.
  
• Three pilot projects on Remote Controlled Load Management in the distribution network of RRVPNL (sanctioned in 1996-97 with the Ministry of Power’s contribution of Rs.297.50lakhs and revised to Rs.252.00 lakhs in March, (2000), PSEB (sanctioned in 1995-96 with the Ministry of Power's contribution of Rs.443.88lakhs) and HVPNL (sanctioned in 1997-98 with the Ministry of Power's contribution of Rs.237.22lakhs) were under implementation through REC. The projects of RRVPNL and HVPNL have been completed successfully during the 2001-2002while implementation work of remote controlled load management in respect of the 132 KV sub-station at Hoshiapur has been completed by PSEB in 2002-03.
  
• An Energy-cum-System Improvement Project, involving installation of Amorphous Core Transformers and LT Capacitors in the distribution network serviced by the Cooperative Electric Supply Society, Sircilla (Andhra Pradesh), sanctioned in 1995-96 with the Ministry of Power's contribution of Rs.508.00lakhs, is under implementation through REC and is likely to be completed shortly.
  
• Two pilot projects, one of the introduction of 500Electronic Meters with Time of the Day (TOD) facility, sanctioned in 1996-97 with the Ministry of Power's contribution of Rs.88.00 lakhs and the other for Energy Conservation and Demand Side Management by energy efficient lighting in WBSEB.s HQs at Kolkata sanctioned in 1998-99with the Ministry of Power's contribution ofRs.5.55 lakhs have been completed successfully during the year 2002-2003.

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Annual fuel utilization efficiency (AFUE)

See also

* Annual fuel utilization efficiency (AFUE)
* Biofuel
* Brushless wound-rotor doubly-fed electric machine
* Daylighting
* Ecolabel
* Energy saving
* Energy crisis
* Energy monitoring and targeting
* Energy recovery
* Fuel efficiency
* Green building
* Green computing
* Heat Pump
* High temperature insulation wool
* Lighting
* List of low-energy building techniques
* Low Carbon Communities
* Low energy building
* Low-energy vehicle




Sustainable development portal
Energy portal

* Marine fuel management
* Minimum Efficiency Performance Standards
* MIT Design Advisor
* Oil price increases since 2003
* One Watt Initiative
* Over-consumption
* Passive house
* Plug-in hybrid
* Renewable heat
* Smart grid
* Solar energy
* Superinsulation
* Sustainability
* Renewable heat
* Thermal efficiency
* Timeline of environmental events
* Zero energy building


[edit] References

* Gary Steffy, Architectural Lighting Design, John Wiley and Sons (2001) ISBN 0-471-38638-3
* Lumina Technologies, Analysis of energy consumption in a San Francisco Bay Area research office complex, for (confidential) owner, Santa Rosa, Ca. May 17, 1996
* GSA paves way for IT-based buildings [17]
* The official homepage for the European Intelligent Metering project. [3]


[edit] Notes

1. ^ "Energy: What do we want to achieve ? - European commission"

. Ec.europa.eu. http://ec.europa.eu/energy/efficiency/index_en.htm

. Retrieved 2010-07-29.
2. ^ For an Energy-Efficient Millennium: SAVE 2000

, Directorate-General for Energy
3. ^ Council Directive 92/42/EEC of 21 May 1992 on efficiency requirements for new hot-water boilers fired with liquid or gaseous fuels

4. ^ see for example CHANGING BEHAVIOUR

5. ^ US Dept. of Energy, "Annual Energy Report

" (July 2006), Energy Flow diagram
6. ^ Wackernagel, Mathis and William Rees, 1997, "Perpetual and structural barriers to investing in natural capital: economics from an ecological footprint perspective." Ecological Economics, Vol.20 No.3 p3-24.
7. ^ Carl Marziali (2008). "Does Sustainability Clash with the American Dream?"

Excerpted from USC Trojan Family Magazine feature "Watt Now?"

in Winter 2008 issue.
8. ^ Scott Davis, Dana K. Mirick, Richard G. Stevens (2001). "Night Shift Work, Light at Night, and Risk of Breast Cancer"

. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 93 (20): 1557–1562. doi:10.1093/jnci/93.20.1557

. PMID 11604479

. http://jncicancerspectrum.oupjournals.org/cgi/content/full/jnci;93/20/1557?ijkey=e1472aefe9398c2c26bf8515391f5940acc05495

.
9. ^ Bain, A (1997). "The Hindenburg Disaster: A Compelling Theory of Probable Cause and Effect". Procs. NatL Hydr. Assn. 8th Ann. Hydrogen Meeting, Alexandria, Va., March 11–13,: 125–128.
10. ^ Lumina Technologies Inc., Santa Rosa, Ca., Survey of 156 California commercial buildings energy use, August, 1996
11. ^ Best Buy Optimas Award Winner for 2007

12. ^ European Commission of the Institute for Environment and Sustainability, "Electricity Consumption and Efficiency Trends in the Enlarged European Union [1]

", 2006
13. ^ The Difficulties of Energy Efficiency. "The Elusive Negawatt [2]

", 2008
14. ^ July 2009 European Commission's Directorate-General for Energy and Transport initiative, "Energy Savings from Intelligent Metering and Behavioural Change (INTELLIGENT METERING) http://www.managenergy.net/products/R1951.htm

", 2009
15. ^ Breukers, Heiskanen, et al. (2009). Interaction schemes for successful demand-side management. Deliverable 5 of the CHANGING BEHAVIOUR

project. Funded by the EC (#213217)
16. ^ Toolkit

for managers of energy conservation projects: How to learn about people's topical concerns
17. ^ Robb, Drew (2007-06-02). "GSA paves way for IT-based buildings - Government Computer News"

. Gcn.com. http://www.gcn.com/print/26_13/44402-1.html

. Retrieved 2010-07-29.

Energy conservation made to reduce energy consumption

Energy conservation refers to efforts made to reduce energy consumption. Energy conservation can be achieved through increased efficient energy use, in conjunction with decreased energy consumption and/or reduced consumption from conventional energy sources.

Energy conservation can result in increased financial capital, environmental quality, national security, personal security, and human comfort. Individuals and organizations that are direct consumers of energy choose to conserve energy to reduce energy costs and promote economic security. Industrial and commercial users can increase energy use efficiency to maximize profit.

Electrical energy conservation is an important element of energy policy. Energy conservation reduces the energy consumption and energy demand per capita and thus offsets some of the growth in energy supply needed to keep up with population growth. This reduces the rise in energy costs, and can reduce the need for new power plants, and energy imports. The reduced energy demand can provide more flexibility in choosing the most preferred methods of energy production.
[edit] Climate change

By reducing emissions, energy conservation is an important part of lessening climate change. Energy conservation facilitates the replacement of non-renewable resources with renewable energy. Energy conservation is often the most economical solution to energy shortages, and is a more environmentally being alternative to increased energy production. Energy efficiency or resource efficiency are other terms describing techniques to get more output with less energy with a view on sustainable development. As it is a complex matter, to secure energy efficiency, life cycle analysis are often needed to evaluate the total impact of a tool from the craddle to the grave in terms of energy consumption and other side effects. The chemical industry has given some examples

of such analysis so to avoid to be a climate fashion victim.
[edit] Energy conservation by country
[edit] The Republic of India

Petroleum Conservation Research Association (PCRA) www.pcra.org

is an Indian government body created in 1976 and engaged in promoting energy efficiency and conservation in every walk of life. In the recent past PCRA has done mass media campaigns in television, radio & print media. An impact assessment survey by a third party revealed that due to these mega campaigns by PCRA, overall awareness level have gone up leading to saving of fossil fuels worth crores of rupees besides reducing pollution.

Bureau of Energy Efficiency is an Indian governmental organization created in 2002 responsible for promoting energy efficiency and conservation.
[edit] Japan
Advertising with high energy in Shinjuku, Japan.

Since the 1973 oil crisis, energy conservation has been an issue in Japan. All oil based fuel is imported, so indigenous sustainable energy is being developed.

The Energy Conservation Center

promotes energy efficiency in every aspect of Japan. Private entities are implementing the efficient use of energy for industries.
[edit] Lebanon

In Lebanon and since 2002 The Lebanese Center for Energy Conservation (LCEC) has been promoting the development of efficient and rational uses of energy and the use of renewable energy at the consumer level. It was created as a project financed by the Global Environment Facility (GEF) and the Ministry of Energy Water (MEW) under the management of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and gradually established itself as an independent technical national center although it continues to be supported by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) as indicated in the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) signed between MEW and UNDP on June 18, 2007.
[edit] New Zealand

In New Zealand the Energy Efficiency and Conservation Authority is responsible for promoting energy efficiency and conservation.
[edit] European Union
See also: Energy policy of the European Union

At the end of 2006, the European Union-EU pledged to cut its annual consumption of primary energy by 20% by 2020.[1] The 'European Union Energy Efficiency Action Plan' is long awaited. As part of the EU's SAVE Programme

,[2] aimed at promoting energy efficiency and encouraging energy-saving behaviour, the Boiler Efficiency Directive[3] specifies minimum levels of efficiency for boilers fired with liquid or gaseous fuels. The European Commission is funding large-scale research projects to learn about success factors for effective energy conservation programmes.[4]
[edit] United Kingdom
Main article: Energy use and conservation in the United Kingdom

Energy conservation in the United Kingdom has been receiving increased attention over recent years. Key factors behind this are the Government's commitment to reducing carbon emissions, the projected 'energy gap' in UK electricity generation, and the increasing reliance on imports to meet national energy needs. Domestic housing and road transport are currently the two biggest problem areas.

Responsibility for energy conservation fall between three Government departments although is led by the Department for Energy and Climate Change (DECC). The Department for Communities and Local Government (CLG) is still responsible for energy standards in buildings, and the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) retains a residual interest in energy insofar as it leads to emissions of CO2, the main greenhouse gas. The Department for Transport retains many responsibilities for energy conservation in transport. At an operational level, there are two main non-departmental governmental bodies ("quangoes") - the Energy Saving Trust, working mainly in the domestic sector with some interest in transport, and the Carbon Trust, working with industry and innovative energy technologies. In addition there are many independent NGOs working in the sector such as the Centre for Sustainable Energy in Bristol or the National Energy Foundation in Milton Keynes, and directly helping consumers make informed choices on energy efficiency sust-it

[edit] United States
Main article: Energy conservation in the United States

The United States is currently the largest single consumer of energy. The U.S. Department of Energy categorizes national energy use in four broad sectors: transportation, residential, commercial, and industrial.[5]

Energy usage in transportation and residential sectors, about half of U.S. energy consumption, is largely controlled by individual consumers. Commercial and industrial energy expenditures are determined by businesses entities and other facility managers. National energy policy has a significant effect on energy usage across all four sectors, and its strengthening is part of the 2010 Presidential-Congressional legislative debate.
[edit] Issues with energy conservation

Advocates and critics of various forms and policies of energy conservation debate some issues, such as:

* Standard economic theory suggests that technological improvements which increase energy efficiency, tends to increase, rather than reduce, energy use. This is called the Jevons Paradox and occurs through two channels. Firstly, increased energy efficiency makes the use of energy relatively cheaper, thus encouraging increased use. Secondly, increased energy efficiency leads to increased economic growth, which pulls up energy use in the whole economy. This does not imply that increased fuel efficiency is worthless, increased fuel efficiency enables greater production and a higher quality of life. However, in order to reduce energy consumption, efficiency gains must be paired with a government intervention that reduces demand (a green tax, cap and trade).[6][7]

* Some retailers argue that bright lighting stimulates purchasing. However, health studies have demonstrated that headache, stress, blood pressure, fatigue and worker error all generally increase with the common over-illumination present in many workplace and retail settings.[8][9] It has been shown that natural daylighting increases productivity levels of workers, while reducing energy consumption.[10]

* The use of telecommuting by major corporations is a significant opportunity to conserve energy, as many Americans now work in service jobs that enable them to work from home instead of commuting to work each day.[11]

* Electric motors consume more than 60% of all electrical energy generated and are responsible for the loss of 10 to 20% of all electricity converted into mechanical energy.[12]

* Consumers are often poorly informed of the savings of energy efficient products. The research one must put into conserving energy often is too time consuming and costly when there are cheaper products and technology available using today's fossil fuels.[13] Some governments and NGOs are attempting to reduce this complexity with ecolabels that make differences in energy efficiency easy to research while shopping.

* Technology needs to be able to change behavioral patterns, it can do this by allowing energy users, business and residential, to see graphically the impact their energy use can have in their workplace or homes. Advanced real-time energy metering is able to help people save energy by their actions. Rather than become wasteful automatic energy saving technologies, real-time energy monitors and meters such as the Energy Detective, Enigin Plc's Eniscope, Ecowizard, or solutions like EDSA'a Paladin Live are examples of such solutions [14]

* It is frequently argued that effective energy conservation requires more than informing consumers about energy consumption, for example through smart meters at home or ecolabels while shopping. People need practical and tailored advice how to reduce energy consumption in order to make change easy and lasting.[15] This applies to both efficiency investments, such as investment in building renovation, or behavioral change, for example turning down the heating. To provide the kind of information and support people need to invest money, time and effort in energy conservation, it is imprtant to understand and link to people's topical concerns.[16]

* In deregulated states commercial utility customers have the ability to compare energy rates

among available electricity and natural gas providers.